The Supreme Court’s decision in the case of Imran Pratapgarhi v. State of Gujarat is the subject of this article, which provides an explanation of major legal issues like the differemce between FIR in old and new criminal law. The protection of free speech under Article 19(1)(a), the significance of police discretion under BNSS, and the role of the judiciary in avoiding the misuse of criminal law against lawful expression are all brought to light by this.